Polyphonies refer to musical compositions that involve multiple independent melodies played simultaneously. Synonyms for this term include polyphony, counterpoint, and contrapuntal music. Counterpoint typically refers to the technique of combining two or more melodies that are harmonically independent but that are rhythmically related. Contrapuntal music, on the other hand, refers to music that follows the principles of counterpoint and is often marked by its convoluted textures and complex harmonies. In summary, all of these terms describe music that is characterized by the interplay between multiple independent melodies, resulting in a rich and complex sonic texture.