Proctography, also known as defecography, is a medical imaging technique used to assess the anatomical and functional aspects of the pelvic floor. It involves the introduction of contrast material into the rectum and visualization of the passage of stool during defecation. Synonyms for proctography include defecography, evacuation proctography, proctogram, rectal function study, and pelvic floor imaging. These terms can be used interchangeably to refer to the same radiological procedure. Proctography is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as rectal prolapse, obstructed defecation, and pelvic floor dysfunction, and is an important tool in the evaluation and treatment of patients with these conditions.