Pyroglutamic acid, also known as 5-oxoproline or pidolic acid, is an important compound in biochemistry. It serves multiple functions in the human body, including acting as an essential intermediate in the synthesis of glutathione and playing a role in antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, it is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters, such as the excitatory amino acid glutamate. Synonyms commonly used for pyroglutamic acid include 5-oxoproline and pidolic acid. These terms can be found in scientific literature and discussions revolving around the compound's role in cellular processes and its potential use in therapeutic applications.