A rectus sheath hematoma is a medical condition where blood accumulates in the rectus sheath, a layer of muscle and tissue that runs down the center of the abdomen. This condition can cause severe pain, swelling, and bruising in the affected area. Synonyms for rectus sheath hematoma include rectus sheath bleeding, rectus sheath injury, rectus sheath hematocyst, and abdominal wall hematoma. These synonyms are often used interchangeably to describe the same condition, which can occur due to trauma, surgery, or a medical condition that impairs blood clotting. Treatment options for rectus sheath hematoma include rest, ice, and pain medication, as well as surgical drainage in severe cases.