The red-backed lemming is a small rodent inhabiting tundra regions of the Arctic. Its scientific name is Dicrostonyx groenlandicus. The word "lemming" is derived from the Old Norse word "lemja," meaning "to jump," as these animals are known for their jumping abilities. In addition to red-backed lemming, they can also be referred to as arctic lemming, collared lemming, and northern collared lemming. These synonyms describe different physical characteristics of the animal, such as their geographic location or the distinctive collar-like patch of fur around their neck. These small creatures play an important role in the Arctic ecosystem as a prey item for many Arctic predators.