The rock ptarmigan, also known as the snow quail, is a species of bird that is native to the arctic and mountainous regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. It is known for its distinctive plumage, which allows it to blend in with its surroundings during the winter months. Synonyms for the rock ptarmigan include the white grouse, rock grouse, snow chicken, and tarmigan. These terms are often used interchangeably to refer to this bird, which is valued for its meat and has been hunted by humans for centuries. Despite being a popular game bird, the rock ptarmigan is also an important part of many arctic and alpine ecosystems.