Rubia Tinctorum, also known as madder, is a plant from the Rubiaceae family that has been used as a red dye since ancient times. This plant is also known by various synonyms, including garance in French, rubia in Spanish, and krapp in German. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is referred to as qian cao, while in Ayurvedic medicine, it is called manjishta. The plant's roots contain the red pigment alizarin, which has also been used in art, cosmetics, and medicine. Madder dye was extensively used in Europe until the discovery of synthetic dyes in the 19th century, rendering this versatile plant less economically viable. However, it is still valued today for its natural dye properties and traditional medicinal benefits.