The Subclass Synapsida, also known as Theropsida, consists of various extinct and extant animals that share a common ancestry. Some of the synonyms used to refer to this subclass include mammal-like reptiles, therapsids, and synapsids. These animals are characterized by a single temporal fenestra - a skull opening behind their eyes - and other skeletal features that distinguish them from other reptiles. The subclass Synapsida emerged during the late Carboniferous period and evolved into different forms during the Permian and Triassic periods. Some of the more commonly known animals in this subclass include the gorgonopsians, dicynodonts, and cynodonts, which are considered some of the closest relatives of modern mammals.