Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare condition characterized by inflammation in both eyes after trauma or surgery to one eye. Alternate names for this condition include sympathizing uveitis or sympathetic eye disease. Additionally, it may be referred to as sympathetic inflammation, sympathetic irritation, or sympathetic optic neuropathy. This condition is caused by an autoimmune response where the body's immune system attacks both eyes, causing eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, and eventual vision loss. Although rare, sympathetic ophthalmia should be treated as soon as possible to minimize the risk of significant vision loss. Treatment may include steroid therapy or immunosuppressant medications, among other options.