T-DNA (Transfer DNA) is a segment of DNA that is transferred from one organism to another, typically between Agrobacterium bacteria and plant cells. Some synonyms for T-DNA include transfer DNA, transfected DNA, and transgenic DNA. Another synonym for T-DNA is binary vector, which refers to the two-component system used to transfer T-DNA into plant cells. Other related terms might include virulence genes, which are required for the transfer of T-DNA, and plant transformation, which refers to the process of introducing T-DNA into plant cells to generate genetically modified plants for agricultural, medical, or industrial applications.