Theoretical physics, also called mathematical physics, is the branch of physics that deals with the theoretical or mathematical aspects of the physical world. This field is concerned with the fundamental principles of physics, such as the laws of motion and the nature of particles and waves. Synonyms for theoretical physics include mathematical physics, mathematical modeling of physical systems, mathematical physics and quantum mechanics. These terms all refer to the study of the mathematical models that describe the behavior of physical systems, ranging from the subatomic to the cosmic, and are important in fields such as materials science, astrophysics and cosmology. Theoretical physics is an essential component of modern physics and allows us to understand and manipulate the world around us.