"Vasa vasorum" is a Latin term that refers to the network of tiny blood vessels that surround and supply larger blood vessels. There are many synonyms for this term, including "microcirculatory vessels," "small blood vessels," "capillary network," and "vasculature of the vessels." Other related terms might include "vascular endothelium" and "perivascular space," both of which refer to the tissue surrounding and supporting blood vessels. Understanding the complexity and importance of the vasa vasorum is key to understanding many diseases that affect the cardiovascular system, including atherosclerosis and hypertension, and research is ongoing to develop new treatments targeting this network of vessels.