The Vena Pulmonalis, also known as the pulmonary vein, is an important component of the cardiovascular system that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart. Although widely known as the pulmonary vein, there are several synonyms associated with this vital vessel. These include the arteria pulmonalis, the vena arterialis, the arteria venosa, or the venous artery. These terms refer to the functional and anatomical characteristics of the vein, which plays a vital role in maintaining healthy heart function. Understanding these synonyms helps medical professionals to improve their understanding of the circulatory system, and ultimately provide better patient care.