Vicugna Vicugna is a scientific name of a South American camelid species, commonly known as the vicuña. The vicuña is a small, graceful mammal that is closely related to the alpaca and llama. Synonyms for Vicugna Vicugna are few and far between, as it is a specific scientific name used only for this particular species. However, other synonyms for the vicuña include "South American mountain camel," "Andean camelid," and "wild cousin of the alpaca." These synonyms reflect the vicuña's habitat and its close relationship to other domesticated camelids found in the region. The vicuna is prized for its fine wool, which is considered one of the most luxurious fibers in the world.