There are several synonyms for the phrase "without preparation," each with its own connotation. The most common synonym is "unprepared," which suggests that someone is not ready for a situation because they did not take the necessary steps beforehand. "Impromptu" also conveys a lack of preparation, but implies a certain excitement or spontaneity. "Off-the-cuff" suggests that someone is speaking or acting without prior thought or planning. "Unrehearsed" is often used in reference to performances that have not been practiced, but can also apply to situations where no preparation has been made. "Ad-lib" is similar to "off-the-cuff," but is often used specifically in reference to improvised dialogue in performances.