Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a medical condition that occurs when there is excessive pressure in the abdomen leading to organ dysfunction. There are various synonyms used to describe this condition such as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), raised intra-abdominal pressure (RIAP), abdominal pressure-related compartment syndrome (APRCS), and abdominal hypertension syndrome (AHS). These terms are used interchangeably to describe the same condition and are commonly seen in critical care units. Patients with ACS require immediate medical attention to prevent further damage to organs and tissues. Treatment options include medical management and surgical decompression to relieve the pressure on the abdominal compartment. Early recognition and management of ACS improve the likelihood of successful outcomes for patients.