Balsam pear, also known as bitter melon, is a vine-like plant that is popular for its medicinal and culinary uses. Apart from its scientific name Momordica charantia, the balsam pear has several synonyms. In India, it is called karela or karavila, while in the Philippines, it is known as ampalaya. In China, it is called kugua, while in Africa, it is known as ndakdiwa or akala. The balsam pear has a bitter taste and is mostly used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes and other ailments. In cooking, it is used in various dishes and is known for its ability to lower cholesterol levels.