Chian Turpentine is a resinous substance that is extracted from the Pistacia lentiscus tree, commonly found in the Mediterranean region. It has various synonyms that are used in different contexts, including mastic resin, mastiha, and gum mastic. The word mastic is derived from the Greek word mastikhan, which means "to chew," as the resin was traditionally used as a chewing gum. It is also known as Lentisk gum, as it is derived from the lentisk tree. The resin is known for its medicinal and culinary properties and has been used for centuries for its therapeutic benefits. The synonyms for Chian Turpentine are used interchangeably in different cultures and industries, but they all refer to the same resinous substance extracted from the Pistacia lentiscus tree.