Cross-contaminate refers to the transfer of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, from one object, surface, or food item to another. Synonyms for this term include contamination, infection, taint, pollution, and adulteration. Contamination and infection emphasize the harmful effects of the transfer, while taint and pollution suggest that the affected item is no longer pure or safe to use. Adulteration emphasizes the intentional addition of foreign substances to deceive or harm consumers. These synonyms can be useful in describing the spread of illnesses or in discussing prevention and control measures, such as hand washing and food safety practices.