DNA shuffling is a process of combining different segments of DNA to create a new sequence. This technique is also commonly referred to as DNA recombination, gene shuffling, or gene rearrangement. These synonyms imply the same method, which involve the swapping of genetic material from different organisms or sources to generate novel and diverse sequences. Other interchangeable terms for DNA shuffling include molecular breeding and directed evolution. All these terms point to a powerful molecular tool that aids in creating new and innovative biological materials, such as enzymes, proteins, and microorganisms. With these synonyms, DNA shuffling continues to make significant contributions to the fields of medicine, biotechnology, and basic science research.