Environmental microbiology refers to the study of microorganisms in the natural environment. This field of study is essential for understanding how microorganisms interact with their surroundings and the impact they have on ecological systems. Synonyms for environmental microbiology include microbial ecology, environmental biology, and environmental science. These terms are used interchangeably to describe the study of microorganisms in their natural habitats, including soil, water, air, and biotic communities. Researchers in this field aim to better understand the roles of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycling, nutrient cycling, and the cycling of organic matter. Understanding these processes can help us better manage and preserve the health of our environment.