Fahd Ibn Abdel Aziz Al-Saud was a former King of Saudi Arabia who ruled from 1982 until his death in 2005. He was known for his efforts to modernize the country and improve its infrastructure, particularly in the areas of education, healthcare, and social welfare. Some synonyms for him may include "King Fahd," "Fahd Al-Saud," or simply "King Fahd of Saudi Arabia." He was also referred to as "the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques," reflecting his important role in overseeing the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina. His reign was marked by many significant events, including the Gulf War in 1991 and the rise of Al-Qaeda in the 2000s.