Fermi-Dirac statistics are a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that describe how particles with half-integer spins, known as fermions, behave when they are in a state of thermal equilibrium. There are several synonyms for Fermi-Dirac statistics, including the Fermi-Dirac distribution, Fermi statistics, and Dirac statistics. Other related terms include Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously, and Bose-Einstein statistics, which describe the behavior of particles with integer spins, known as bosons. Understanding Fermi-Dirac statistics is essential for understanding many physical phenomena, including electron transport in semiconductors and the behavior of white dwarfs and neutron stars.