Filariasis is a parasitic infection caused by filarial worms that are transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. It is commonly characterized by swollen limbs, fever, joint pain, and skin rashes. There are several synonyms used to describe this disease including elephantiasis, lymphatic filariasis, bancroftian filariasis, and tropical eosinophilia. Elephantiasis, as the name suggests, refers to the enlargement of body parts due to buildup of fluid and tissue damage caused by the filarial worms. Lymphatic filariasis is the most common synonym used for filariasis, indicating that the worms infect the lymphatic system in the body. Bancroftian filariasis is named after the Australian physician who first discovered the filarial worm responsible for the disease.