Flagellations are a form of self-punishment that involves whipping or lashing oneself with a whip or other instrument. Synonyms for flagellations include self-mortification, self-harm, self-punishment, self-abuse, and self-castigation. Other synonyms include self-mutilation, self-torture, self-inflicted wounds, and self-criticism. These terms all refer to the act of inflicting pain, whether physical or emotional, on oneself in order to achieve some sort of spiritual or emotional purification or to atone for sins. While flagellations have been practiced by various religious and spiritual traditions throughout history, they are generally considered to be unhealthy and potentially dangerous behaviors, both physically and mentally.