Johann Joachim Winckelmann was a notable figure in the world of art history and archaeology. He was a German scholar who is known for his contributions to the study of classical arts. Some of the synonyms for Winckelmann are archaeologist, art historian, and classicist. He is often referred to as the father of art history due to his pioneering efforts to develop a systematic approach to the study of ancient art. Winckelmann's work helped to establish a new understanding of the ancient world, which greatly influenced the Romantic period and beyond. His legacy lives on today, as his ideas continue to shape our understanding of the history of art.