Malam, a word of Indonesian derivation, literally refers to "night" or the period from sunset to sunrise. However, there are several synonyms that are used to refer to the same concept of time. Some of the commonly used synonyms for malam include "gelap" which means darkness, "gelap gulita" which means pitch-black, "iring-iringan waktu malam" which refers to the procession of time during the night, "waktu senja" which means the time of dusk, and "waktu subuh" which refers to the time when dawn breaks. The use of different synonyms for the word malam adds to the richness and variety of the Indonesian language.