Poliomyelitis vaccines are also known as polio vaccines. They are a group of vaccines that provide immunity against the poliovirus. Other synonyms for poliomyelitis vaccines include IPV (inactivated polio vaccine), OPV (oral polio vaccine), and Sabin vaccine (after its developer, Albert Sabin). The term poliovirus vaccine is also commonly used. These vaccines are integral in fighting polio, a contagious and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects children under the age of 5. The use of poliomyelitis vaccines has been instrumental in reducing cases of polio worldwide, with only a few countries now reporting cases.