A rack-and-pinion railroad is a type of railway system that is designed to transport people and goods up steep inclines and declines. The system uses a series of gears known as a rack-and-pinion to move the train up and down the track. There are several synonyms for this type of system, including cog railway, mountain railway, and funicular. Each of these terms refers to a specific type of rack-and-pinion railway system that is designed for use in different geographical areas and situations. Regardless of the specific terminology used, all rack-and-pinion railroad systems provide an efficient and reliable method of transportation for people and goods in mountainous and hilly regions.