Rangifer caribou, also known as caribou, are a species of large, wild deer native to the Arctic and subarctic regions of North America, Greenland, and Russia. Caribou are known for their distinctive, broad antlers which grow annually and are shed each winter. They are an important part of the culture and livelihood of many Indigenous communities and play a crucial role in the ecosystems they inhabit. Other names for caribou include reindeer, woodland caribou, tuktu, tarandus, and carib. These synonyms reflect the diversity of the regions where caribou are found and the various languages spoken in those regions.