Sigmoidoscopy refers to the procedure of examining the rectum and lower colon using a sigmoidoscope. Some synonyms for sigmoidoscopy include rectosigmoidoscopy, proctosigmoidoscopy, and flexible sigmoidoscopy. These medical terms are often used interchangeably to indicate the same procedure. Sigmoidoscopy is a relatively non-invasive procedure that helps doctors diagnose and treat conditions such as colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. It is typically performed in a hospital or outpatient clinic setting and involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera into the rectum in order to obtain a clear view of the lower bowel. Sigmoidoscopy is an important diagnostic tool for maintaining colon health and detecting any abnormalities.