In 1700 the Ponka were indicated on De l'Isle's map, though they were not then segregated territorially from the Omaha.
"The Siouan Indians"
W. J. McGee
Moreover, the fact that these annual campaigns of Babylonian and Assyrian kings were simply Bedawi razzias highly organized and on a great scale should be borne in mind when we speak of Semitic "empires," lest we think too territorially.
"The Ancient East"
D. G. Hogarth
Early Babylonian and Early Assyrian "empire," therefore, meant, territorially, no more than a geographical area throughout which an emperor could, and did, raid without encountering effective opposition.
"The Ancient East"
D. G. Hogarth