The phrase "touch-wood" is often used as a superstitious gesture to ward off bad luck or to express hope for good fortune. An alternative synonym for "touch-wood" is "knock on wood", which carries the same meaning. Other synonyms used include "to tap on wood", "to rap on wood", and "to knock wood". In different countries and cultures, the expression may differ, such as the Italian "tocca ferro", which means "touch iron". The Spanish "tocar madera" is also used, which literally means "to touch wood", while the Chinese "touch your head" expresses the same idea. Regardless of the phrase used, the intention remains the same - to prevent negative consequences and encourage positivity.