They belonged to the great family of tupi-Guaranies, who occupied most of eastern South America at the white man's advent, but they were more nomadic in their habits and had developed the art of war to greater perfection than the mother tribes of the more tropical parts of South America.
"The South American Republics Part I of II"
Thomas C. Dawson
Fragment On The Araguas Of Brazil, 1519. As early as 1519, Pigafetta collected a dozen words of the Brazilian Language; which are quite different from the tupi; but very akin to the Haytian.
"The American Nations, Vol. I."
C. S. Rafinesque
Pane gives at least two words which are pure tupi, and not Arawack.
"The Arawack Language of Guiana in its Linguistic and Ethnological Relations"
Daniel G. Brinton
