Under-soils refer to soils that are located beneath the surface layer of the earth. These soils are often rich in minerals and nutrients that support plant growth and are important for maintaining healthy ecosystems. Synonyms for under-soils include subsoils, substrata, substrates, lower soils, and subterranean soils. Subsoils are typically found below the topsoil layer and are characterized by their dense structure and lower organic matter content. Substrata and substrates are terms used to describe the underlying layers of soil or rock that support the upper layers. Lower soils and subterranean soils both refer to soils that are located deeper in the earth, often several feet below the surface.