Underflow refers to a phenomenon where a computer tries to represent a value that is too small to fit into a designated memory space. Some synonyms for underflow are underrun, subnormal, or denormalized number. An underrun occurs when the result of a calculation is smaller than the minimum value that can be represented. A subnormal number is a number that is smaller than the smallest normal number that can be represented. Lastly, a denormalized number is a floating-point number of small magnitude that causes an underflow exception. Programmers need to be aware of underflow and its synonyms to ensure that computations and programs run smoothly without crashing.