Behaviorism is a psychological theory that focuses on objective, observable actions and behaviors. Some synonyms for this word include behavior modification, stimulus-response theory, and operant conditioning. Behavior modification refers to the process of changing behaviors through the use of positive and negative reinforcement. Stimulus-response theory emphasizes the causal link between external stimuli and behavioral responses. Operant conditioning is a type of learning where behaviors are strengthened or weakened by consequences like rewards or punishments. These synonyms all describe approaches to psychology that prioritize observable behavior over internal mental processes. By studying behavior in this way, scientists hope to gain a better understanding of how humans and animals behave and interact with their environment.