Dark calibration refers to the process of calibrating a camera or scanner to account for the "dark noise," or the random electrical signals that can interfere with image quality in low light situations. Synonyms for this concept include "dark correction," "dark frame subtraction," and "dark signal subtraction." These terms all refer to the same process of taking a "dark frame," or a picture of the sensor with no light input, and subtracting it from the actual image to remove any dark noise. Other related terms include "bias correction," which accounts for consistent variations in the readout signal, and "flat-field correction," which adjusts for variations in sensitivity across the sensor.