Genus Erythroxylon is the scientific name for the coca plant, which is cultivated in several South American countries for its leaves that are processed into cocaine. There are several synonyms for this genus, including Erythroxylum, Erythroxilon, and Erythroxylon coca. These names are used interchangeably to refer to the coca plant and its derivatives. In South American indigenous cultures, the coca plant has been used for medicinal and ritualistic purposes for centuries. However, the plant's illegal use as a recreational drug has led to governmental policies and international cooperation to control its cultivation and distribution. Despite its negative reputation, the coca plant continues to have economic significance in various regions, serving as a source of income for local farmers.