Genus Neoceratodus is a small group of freshwater lungfish species found in Australia. The genus is characterized by its elongated bodies, paddle-like fins and toothed jaws. Although there are currently only two recognized species within the genus, Neoceratodus forsteri and Neoceratodus humeralis, their names are often used interchangeably. Some synonyms for the genus Neoceratodus include Australian lungfish, Queensland lungfish, barramunda, and ceratodus. These names reflect the fish's distinct ecological and geographical niches, and highlight their importance within the unique aquatic ecosystem of Australia. Despite their relative obscurity, Neoceratodus species are a vital part of Australia's natural heritage.