Pneumonectomy is a medical term used to describe the surgical removal of one or both lungs. There are several synonyms for pneumonectomy, including lung resection and pulmonary lobectomy. These terms refer to the same procedure and are used interchangeably in medical literature. Other similar terms include thoracotomy, which describes the surgical incision made in the chest to access the lungs, and lobectomy, which refers to the removal of a lobe of the lung, rather than the entire organ. When used in the context of cancer treatment, pneumonectomy may be called a radical or total pneumonectomy to differentiate it from a more limited surgery.