Smallpox, a viral illness caused by the variola virus, was eradicated in the late 1970s after a global vaccination campaign. However, a new threat has emerged in the form of pseudosmallpox, a disease that shares similarities with smallpox but is caused by a different virus. Synonyms for pseudosmallpox include monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia. The symptoms of pseudosmallpox are similar to smallpox and include fever, rash, and blister-like lesions. Vaccination is key in preventing the spread of pseudosmallpox, and early detection is crucial in treating the disease. While pseudosmallpox is not as deadly as smallpox, it remains a serious threat to global health.