Tangier Disease is a rare genetic disorder that affects lipid metabolism in the body. The term "Tangier Disease" originated from the location of its discovery, Tangier Island. However, this medical condition is also known by various other synonyms, which include familial high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency, alpha-lipoprotein deficiency, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency (Type 1), deficiency of HDL cholesterol, and analphalipoproteinemia. These alternative names illustrate the diverse terminologies used by medical professionals to describe the same disorder. Despite the variety of names, they all refer to a condition characterized by a deficiency or absence of HDL cholesterol in the blood, leading to potential complications in lipid transport and metabolism.