Typhoid fever is a highly contagious bacterial infection that can be life-threatening if left untreated. It is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, and symptoms typically include a prolonged fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
There are several synonyms for the word typhoid, including enteric fever, abdominal typhus, and typhus abdominalis. Other related terms include typhoid psychosis, which refers to the mental and neurological complications that can occur with the illness, and paratyphoid fever, a related but less severe illness caused by a different strain of Salmonella bacteria.
Although typhoid fever is rare in developed countries, it remains a serious public health issue in many parts of the world, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene. Vaccination and proper food and water hygiene are crucial for preventing the spread of the disease.