A buffer state is a country or territory positioned between hostile or competing states to create a neutral zone. When referring to buffer states, the term "cordon sanitaire" is used, which originated in the 19th century during the cholera epidemic. Other synonyms for buffer state include "buffer zone," "neutral zone," "demilitarized zone," and "buffer territory." These terms are used to describe the geopolitical strategy of a region used to maintain peace and stability. Besides, in some contexts, "buffer state" can also be referred to as "protective state," "guarded state," and "barrier state." Regardless of the term used, a buffer state serves as a crucial element in international relations, reducing the likelihood of conflict between neighboring states.