Arterialize is a medical term that refers to the process of converting a vein into an artery. Some synonyms for arterialize include arterialization, arterialized, arteriovenous (AV) shunt, and vascular access. Arterialization is common in patients with renal failure who require hemodialysis, which is a process that removes waste products from the blood. Arterialized veins provide easier access for dialysis and allow for more efficient removal of waste products. AV shunts are the most common method for arterialization and are created by surgically connecting an artery to a vein. Alternatively, vascular access can refer to any method of providing a way to get to the circulatory system, including arterialization.