Brassica juncea is a plant species commonly known as Indian mustard, brown mustard, or Chinese mustard. This plant is a member of the Brassicaceae family and is widely cultivated for its edible leaves, seeds, and oil. There are several synonyms for Brassica juncea, including Brassica integrifolia, Brassica juncea subsp. juncea, Brassica juncea var. integrifolia, Brassica napiformis, and Brassica juncea var. japonica. These synonyms are often used interchangeably in literature, research, and cooking. Brassica juncea is a versatile ingredient with a pungent, spicy flavor commonly used in Indian, Chinese, and Southeast Asian cuisine. It is also a popular ingredient in condiments like mustard and wasabi sauces.