Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare type of cancer which primarily affects children. It occurs when the muscle tissues in the body grow abnormally. Despite being a rare form of cancer, it can spread quickly and aggressively if left untreated. Due to its complex nature, several synonyms have been associated with this condition, including embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, malignant muscle tumor, and mesenchymal neoplasm. The symptoms of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma may vary depending on the location of the cancer, but early diagnosis and treatment can increase the chances of survival. Doctors may use a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy to manage this condition.