When it comes to antonyms for the phrase "are gainfully employed," there are several options to consider. Some possible antonyms could include "are unemployed," "are jobless," or "are out of work." These terms suggest that individuals are not currently working in a meaningful or remunerative capacity. Another antonym could be "are underemployed," which implies that individuals may have a job but it is insufficient in terms of pay, hours, or job satisfaction. Other antonyms might include "are freelancing," "are self-employed," or "are between jobs," each of which suggests a different type of employment status or pattern. Ultimately, the antonym of "are gainfully employed" depends on the specific circumstances and context in question.