Against France, Germany was an open aggressor.
"A History of the Third French Republic"
C. H. C. Wright
Napoleon, since his annexation of Savoy, had so bad a reputation in Europe, a reputation which Bismarck had managed to blacken still more in their recent controversy over Luxembourg, that people were ready to take it as a matter of course that Napoleon should be the aggressor.
"Lady-John-Russell"
MacCarthy, Desmond
He did not know the name of that obscure individual whom the opposite party had glorified, by attempting to place his work on a level with, nay above, Schwarz's writings; but he knew that the book in question was a 'History of Teutonism,' and Fabian's words left no room for doubt that the author of that book, the intriguer, the criminal aggressor, who had disturbed the peace of the family celebrity, now stood before him in person.
"Under a Charm, Vol. III. (of III) A Novel"
E. Werner